Prevalence of smoking and drinking Essay Example for Free

Predominance of smoking and drinking Essay Pre-adulthood, from Latin word adolescere which implies â€Å"to develop up† is a transitional phase of physical and mental human advancement by and large happening among pubescence and lawful adulthood. It is most firmly connected with high school years. Pre-adulthood is additionally partitioned into three additional stages, the mid (12-14 years of age), center (15-17 years of age) and late immaturity (18-20/21 years of age). In each phase of human turn of events, there are physical, passionate and physiological changes that occur. This is based from the idea that people have formative undertakings that ought to be achieve per stage. In the pre-adulthood stage, young people are in basic stage since youngsters are presented to a bigger domain (Macmillan Dictionary for Students, 1981). Foundation of the examination Nowadays, adolescents that are presented to various condition are currently drawn in to smoking and drinking mixed refreshments for certain reasons. The solid relationship between hitting the bottle hard and smoking among youths might be inferable, to a limited extent, to the way that both juvenile liquor use and tobacco use share various sociocultural hazard factors. Scientists have discovered that these factorsâ€including family and friend impacts, socioeconomics, promoting, financial matters, and liquor and tobacco availabilityâ€are related with adolescents’ starting and proceeded with tobacco and liquor use (Bobo, J. furthermore, Corinne Husten, 2000). As indicated by the U. S. Top health spokesperson Report (1994), around 80% of grown-up smokers began smoking before the age of 18. Consistently, almost 3,000 youngsters younger than 18 become normal smokers and an expected 2. 1 million individuals started smoking every day in 1997. The greater part of these new every day smokers were more youthful than age 18. This means in excess of 3,000 new youth smokers for every day. The pace of youth inception of day by day smoking expanded to some degree from 55. 5 to 74. 9 for each 1,000 possible new clients somewhere in the range of 1991 and 1996, however stayed level in 1997 (the 1998 National Household Survey on Drug Abuse). It is said that youngsters who originate from a lowincome family and have less than two grown-ups living in their family are particularly in danger of turning out to be smokers and those with less fortunate evaluations and lower mental self views are well on the way to start. utilizing tobacco. Over the previous decade, there has been essentially no decrease in smoking rates among all adolescents. Among dark young people, be that as it may, the commonness of smoking has declined drastically. Most youngsters what smoke's identity is dependent on nicotine and were accounted for that they need to stop yet can't do as such (Statistics on Teens, 1994). In 2002, Komro and Toomey said that liquor use by underage consumers is a relentless general medical issue in the United States, and liquor is the most regularly utilized medication among young people. As needs be, various methodologies have been created and considered that intend to forestall underage drinking. Liquor use inception rates for youngsters rise rapidly from age 10 up to about age 13, when they arrive at in excess of 50 percent. Therefore, inception rates start to slow once more (Kosterman, R. et al. , 2000). Also, liquor is the most ordinarily utilized medication among young people. As per Epstein, J. et al. , liquor use keeps on being a significant general medical issue. Late national overview information demonstrate that 41% of current eighth graders, 62% of tenth graders, 73% of twelfth graders and 85% of understudies have utilized liquor. Much all the more upsetting is that 11% of eighth graders, 22% of tenth graders, 25% of twelfth graders and 40% of understudies revealed substantial verbose drinking. Domingo and Marquez discovered enormous sexual orientation contrasts in the hazard taking practices among Filipino teenagers and young people. Men are considerably more likely than ladies to drink, smoke, and use drugs. The enormous sexual orientation contrast in hazard taking conduct among young people and adolescents is somewhat normal in Asian nations however not in the U. S. For our situation, The Philippines has no national law directing smoking and offer of tobacco items. There is no base age prerequisite for the acquisition of cigarettes and no law managing the publicizing and advancement of cigarettes. There is no law that requires the printing of caution marks on cigarette bundles. Rather, the National Tobacco Administration (NTA) should ensure and advance the â€Å"balanced and incorporated growth† of the tobacco business. Notwithstanding the consequences of an overview which state that 72 percent of the surveyed grown-up populace was steady of having an enactment prohibiting smoking notices. There are a greater number of limitations on drinking than smoking particularly of the minors. The individuals who are under 18 years of age are 2|Page precluded from buying or drinking mixed beverages. Be that as it may, the authorization of this guideline is feeble (Choe, M. furthermore, Corazon Raymundo, 2001). Targets This examination meant to decide the commonness of smoking and drinking of mixed refreshments among senior secondary school understudies explicitly: 1. to think about the commonness of smoking and drinking of mixed refreshments between senior understudies of open and private secondary school; 2. to differentiate the event of smoking and drinking mixed refreshments among senior secondary school guys and females; 3. to recognize and rank the reasons why senior secondary school understudies smoke and drink mixed refreshments; 4. to decide the mindfulness status of senior secondary school understudies as far as the impacts of smoking and drinking mixed refreshments on their physiological wellbeing; and 5.to recognize the impact of smoking and drinking of mixed refreshments on the socialization of senior secondary school understudies. Audit of Related Literature There are various variables influencing various practices of youths. One social hypothesis concentrated by Travis Hirschi (1969) is a more broad clarification of aberrance than discouragement hypothesis, yet which is, thusly, basically limited to casual social control which originates from people being clung to gatherings and organizations. 1236 evaluation 9-13 understudies from 62 haphazardly chose study halls in 3 Canadian schools in the Borough of East York, 1 of Metropolitan Torontos 6 districts, were studied in December 1994 about their liquor drinking convictions and practices, and related way of life practices. Discoveries depend on the investigation of information from 628 young men and 608 young ladies, of whom 799 were conceived in Canada. 24% of the understudies revealed never having tasted liquor, 22% had tasted liquor yet were not present consumers, 39% were current moderate consumers, 11% drank at any rate 5 beverages for every event at any rate once every month, and 5% didn't reply. The frequently expressed explanations behind not drinking were family childhood and they accepted unfavorable impacts of liquor utilization upon wellbeing, while the regularly expressed purposes behind drinking were on the grounds that it is a pleasant encounter and to get into a gathering state of mind. Respondents drinking designs were fundamentally identified with sexual orientation, ethnicity, grade, and the announced drinking propensities for guardians and companions. More established male youths who depict themselves as Canadian are bound to drink vigorously than are understudies who are more youthful or female, or self-distinguish as Asian or European. Ebb and flow substantial consumers are at more serious hazard than different understudies of taking part in other high-chance practices, for example, driving under the influence, riding with an inebriated car driver, and smoking each day (Feldman et al. , 1999). In one of the studies in US, half of respondents knew about a spot close to their school where children could go to drink and get high during the school day, as indicated by the yearly class kickoff overview, which surveyed 1,003 12-to-17-years of age. What's more, more than 33% said that understudies had abundant open door during the school day to medication, drink and smoke without getting captured. Medication use in both open and tuition based schools is on the ascent, with 54 percent of private secondary school understudies announcing that medications are accessible in their schools versus 24 percent in 2002 and 61 percent of understudies at state funded schools saying their schools are tranquilize tainted, contrasted and 46 percent in 2002. The specialists took a gander at the job of online life in teenager substance use and discovered 75 percent of reviewed 12 to 17-year-olds said seeing pictures of adolescents celebrating with liquor or pot on informal communication destinations, for example, Facebook or MySpace urges them to party comparably (Gardner, 2012). Forty-five percent of teenagers right around 11 million said they have seen such pictures on the web and 47 percent of those youngsters said that it appears as though envisioned adolescents are making some acceptable memories. Adolescents who have seen these photos were seen as multiple times bound to have utilized maryjane, multiple occasions likelier to have utilized liquor, and right around multiple times bound to have utilized tobacco (CBSnews, 2012). 4|Page In the familiarity with young people on the wellbeing dangers of smoking and drinking, it was found in one of the investigations that youngsters believe that smoking is more hazardous than smoking. Teenager smoking has declined in every one of the three evaluations remembered for the studyâ€grades 8, 10, and 12. All things considered, just about 19 percent of twelfth graders announced current (past-month) cigarette use. This decay shows that more teenagers understand the damage smoking never really body and are settling on the choice not to begin. Additionally, teens’ perspectives about smoking have changed. They progressively want to date nonsmokers and think smoking to be a grimy propensity. Similarly, among almost all evaluations, drifts in the course of recent years demonstrated huge declines in liquor use, including first-time use, intermittent use, day by day use, and hitting the bottle hard. Similarly as with smoking, this decrease might be the consequence of more adolescents understanding the danger of drinking liquor and disliking this conduct (The Sara Bellum Blog, 2012). How young people feel about themselves assumes a noteworthy job in whether they decide to drink or

James Dickey Essay Example For Students

DSM-5 Substance Abuse Disorders Draws Controversy

DSM-5 Substance Abuse Disorders Draws Controversy Addiction Alcohol Use Print DSM-5 Alcohol Use Disorder Diagnosis Draws Controversy Diagnosis manual combines alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence By Buddy T facebook twitter Buddy T is an anonymous writer and founding member of the Online Al-Anon Outreach Committee with decades of experience writing about alcoholism. Learn about our editorial policy Buddy T Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on June 27, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on July 25, 2019 Diagnosing Alcohol Abuse Disorders. Getty Images More in Addiction Alcohol Use Binge Drinking Withdrawal and Relapse Children of Alcoholics Drunk Driving Addictive Behaviors Drug Use Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery After more than a decade of revisions, the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) was published in 2013 by the American Psychiatric Association (APA)â€"but not without controversy. The DSM-5 is widely used by health professionals to diagnose behavioral health problems and is used for insurance billing purposes. Several sections of the new DSM-5 have come under criticism, including the section dealing with alcoholism. Alcohol Abuse Disorders In the previous version of the manual, DSM-IV, published in 1994, alcohol use disorders were divided into two categories,  alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence. According to the APA, The distinction between abuse and dependence was based on the concept of abuse as a mild or early phase, and dependence as the more severe manifestation. Instead of two separate diagnoses, the revised manual has a single diagnosis of alcohol use disorder (AUD) which, according to the APA, will better match the symptoms that patients experience. The Diagnostic Criteria for AUD In the fifth edition of the manual, AUD can be categorized as mild, moderate or severe. The diagnosis is based on 11 criteria. The severity of the disorder is graded by the number of criteria the individual meets. From 0 to 1, the person does not have an AUD. From 2 to 3, the diagnosis is mild; from 4 to 5, moderate; and 6 or more, severe. How Is the DSM-5 Used? Confusion Over the Term Dependence According to the APA, a reason for combining the two separate diagnoses into one was primarily because the diagnosis of alcohol dependence caused confusion. Most people thought dependence meant addiction. Dependence, however, can be your normal body response to using a substance, such as when you become physiologically dependent on a medication while following your doctors prescribed regimen. 11 Criteria for an Alcohol Abuse Disorder Diagnosis The following abbreviated descriptions are what health professionals use for diagnosis as the  11 criteria of alcohol use disorder: Missing work or schoolDrinking in hazardous situationsDrinking despite social or personal problemsCraving for alcoholBuild up of toleranceWithdrawals when trying to quitDrinking more than intendedTrying to quit without successIncreased alcohol-seeking behaviorInterference with important activitiesContinued use despite health problems The craving criteria replaced a previous symptom of reoccurring legal problems due to drinking, which the APA eliminated because of varying cultural considerations that made the criteria difficult to apply internationally. Critics Claim Alcoholism Mislabeled With New Criteria According to the new criteria, a college student who binge drinks on weekends and occasionally misses a class would be diagnosed with a mild alcohol abuse disorder. This is part of where the controversy lies. Critics say the revised criteria could lead to college or underage binge drinkers to be mislabeled as mild alcoholics, a diagnosis the could follow them into their later years. How Prevalent Is Alcoholism? Task Force Believes Newer Manual Provides for More Accurate Diagnosis The task force that helped revise the manual claims the new criteria is a step in the right direction toward a more accurate diagnosis of the disorder. The field of substance abuse and addiction has witnessed an explosion in important research in the past two decades, said Dr. David Kupfer, chairman of the DSM-5 task force. The changes reflect the best science in the field and provide new clarity in how to diagnose these disorders. One of the authors of the previous DSM-IV disagrees that research should be the only factor in diagnosis. The DSM-5 decision to lump beginning drinkers with end-stage alcoholics was driven by researchers who are not sensitive to how the label would play out in young peoples lives, said Dr. Allen Frances, chairman the DSM-IV task force. What Research Suggests One 2013 study by researchers at Virginia Commonwealth University that studied 7,000 twins shows that the new criteria do not result in an improved alcohol-related diagnosis. The new criteria do not result in less accurate diagnoses either. Needless Increase in Diagnoses Critics of the revisions claim the DSM-5 expands the list of what is considered mental illness and leads to a needless increase in diagnoses. The most damaging criticism of the DSM-5 came from the National Institute of Mental Health (NIHM), which withdrew its support of the manual two weeks before its publication. The NIMH, the largest funding agency for mental health research, announced that it would be reorienting its research away from DSM categories. Meeting Criteria Is Not Enough for Diagnosis According to Dr. Thomas Insel, director of the NIMH when the manual was released, claimed that the main problem with the DSM-5 was validity. Meeting criteria does not go far enough to warrant a diagnosis. He said, This would be equivalent to creating diagnostic systems based on the nature of chest pain or the quality of fever, implying that symptoms alone rarely indicate the best choice of treatment or an accurate diagnosis. The NIMH is in the process of developing its own Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) as an alternative to the DSM.  It would find  new ways of  classifying mental disorders  based on dimensions of observable behavior and objective neurobiological measures. How Mental Illnesses Are Diagnosed

Essay about Women in Greek Stories The Odyssey by Homer

Women living in Ancient Greece had limited rights, if any, and were treated as property, owned by either their father or husband. They were never allowed to enter battle and their job was to keep to household in order. However, in Greek stories, women were given a major role and showed strength, wit, and cunning unusual to the stereotypical woman of the time. The Greek writers used women who possessed these traits to progress the plot and evoke the emotions famous in Greek drama and tragedies. In Homer’s â€Å"The Odyssey† Penelope, the wife of Odysseus, plays a pivotal role in advancing the plot through her mental strength and wit. While Odysseus is away, Penelope is bombarded by suitors wishing to take his as her husband. Penelope is†¦show more content†¦Medea was married to the famous Greek hero, Jason, whom she left her homeland to live with. After bearing two children, Jason betrayed his vows to Medea, and married the princess of Corinth. In her gr ief, Medea plots to torture Jason and cause him as much pain as possible, even killing her own children to hurt him. The events that take place before the play serve to establish Medea as a heroine and victim. Medea is a hero when she kills her evil family to escape to Greece with Jason. She then becomes a victim when Jason betrays her for another woman. These events create empathy with the reader, and urge our support for Medea in her quest for revenge. Medea is established as an antagonist when she carries out her brutal plot to harm Jason, as described in the bulk of the play. Medea enacts a plot to kill the king and princess of Corinth, as well as her own children, as revenge for Jason. These actions are vengeful and merciless, causing the reader to despise Medea for her actions. The mixture of emotions surrounding Medea are the icon of the play, and leave the reader conflicted in opinion. This famous confliction of pity and fear towards Medea is a classic example of Gr eek tragedy. In another famous Greek tragedy, â€Å"Oedipus the King,† Jokasta, the wife and mother of Oedipus, can be seen as an untraditional Greek woman in several ways. Namely, she abandoned her son in fear of prophecy, and unknowingly committed incest. WhileShow MoreRelatedEssay about The Women of Homer’s Odyssey1336 Words   |  6 PagesThe Women of Homer’s Odyssey   Ã‚  Ã‚   Homer’s Odyssey, by, is typically seen as a male dominated poem: the hero is male and the majority of the characters are male.   We follow the men on their attempt to return to Ithaca.   However, even though women are not the main characters, they are omnipresent through much of the story.   Women play a very important role in the movement of the story line: they all want to marry, help or hurt Odysseus.   During the course of his journey, Odysseus meets three differentRead MoreThe Odyssey : The Role Of Women In Homers Odyssey966 Words   |  4 PagesFor the Greeks, the epic of Homer was more than just a poem about gods, monsters, and people, but it was a story that showed different kinds of human interactions. The Odyssey portrays what is right or wrong in relationships between god and mortal, father and son, and man and woman. In the epic poem, the role of women is a vital demonstration of Ancient Greece. The women in the epic are unique in their person ality, motives, and relationships towards men. In Homers, The Odyssey, all women are differentRead MoreEssay On The Role Of Women In The Odyssey739 Words   |  3 PagesImagine living at a time in which women were only seen as second-class or lesser beings. The Odyssey, by Homer, is an epic poem based on the story of an ancient Greek hero known as Odysseus. The Story follows his twenty-year journey, ten spent fighting the war, and the other ten spent getting home. Throughout the Poem, Homer presents the roles and nature of women. In The Odyssey, Greek society is controlled by men, while women face an entrenched societal expectation to be subservient and loyal withoutRead MoreEssay on Gender in the Odyssey1002 Words   |  5 PagesOdysseus values and character traits serve as a paradigm of the ideal Homeric Greek man. The god-like Odysseus is crafty, valiant, wise, and eloquent. He gains much of his knowledge through travel, the meeting of different cultures and peoples and learn s from suffering and mistakes. He is an aristocrat and a warrior of all warriors. We first learn of many of these traits in Homers Iliad. Agamemnon, the commander of the Greek army always calls on Odysseus for assignments that required someone cunningRead MoreAeneid Analysis789 Words   |  4 PagesDryden Analysis Jazymn Talley SNHU Analysis The intention of Virgil s poem, Aeneid, is to romanticize the origins of the Roman Empire. Aeneid shares many characteristic to Grecian writer Homer s Epic poems the Iliad and the Odyssey. Much of Roman culture is modeled after or inspired by the Greeks, especially the arts. Roman art, writings, religion, and celebrations were on the rise as they experienced a time of rest, enabling them to develop a rich, eclectic culture. The Roman nationRead MoreO, Brother Where Art Thou Vs The Odyssey By Homer Essay1083 Words   |  5 PagesO, Brother Where Art Thou Vs The Odyssey by Homer The Odyssey by Homer is a Greek epic poem based on its main character Odysseus and it took place in the classical Greece. The book was composed in the eight century B.C.E, after the events it describes, and narrates several adventures with the objective of its main character to return home with his family. Moreover, the movie O, Brother Where Art Thou was published in the year 2000 and directed by Joel Coen and Ethan Coen. The movie also narratesRead MoreSimilarities Between The Odyssey and The Aeneid824 Words   |  3 PagesThe Odyssey and Aeneid Long ago, there were two powerful nations located in southern Europe. First there were the Greeks, this nation was known for the first practice of democracy. Other than democracy, during the Greeks era there was a man by the name Homer who wrote a story called The Odyssey about a great legendary hero named Odysseus. After the Greeks, then came the Romans who ruled Greece for centuries. The Romans during their time were known to have practiced and used many of the Greeks culturesRead MoreHomer’S Two Tales, The Iliad And The Odyssey, Are Both1749 Words   |  7 Pagestwo tales, the Iliad and the Odyssey, are both incredibly well known and widely taught across the world and at many different levels of education. Some call Homer the â€Å"greatest poet to ever live† and although this can be disputed his works truly speak for themselves and have braved the test of time quite well. This paper will cover who/whom Homer is as a person, or persons, and the time period of his w ritings, the truths versus the dramatizations of the Iliad and Odyssey, how the author’s perspectiveRead MoreRole of Women in the Odyssey1201 Words   |  5 PagesThe Role of Women in The Odyssey The Odyssey, by Homer, is an epic poem based on the story of an ancient Greek hero, Odysseus, and his twenty year journey—ten years spent fighting in the Trojan War and the other ten spent traveling home. In the poem, Homer presents the theme of the role and nature of women. Men were the dominant gender in ancient Greece, and women, who were inferior, were only valued for their beauty and their ability to reproduce. However, in this poem, Homer both exemplifiesRead More The Role of Women in Ancient Greece as Depicted in Homer’s The Odyssey897 Words   |  4 PagesThe Role of Women in Ancient Greece as Depicted in Homer’s The Odyssey Women as Citizens For this informative report I will attempt to point out the roles women and how they are viewed in ancient Greece. I will then show how these views are present in Homer’s The Odyssey. How are women, goddess or mortal, conveyed in The Odyssey? The Odyssey was written around 700 BC during the Archaic period (750 – 550 BC). This was a time of great economical and social change in Greek history due

Humanitarian Logistics and Supply Chain Management

Dublin Institute of Technology ARROW@DIT Articles School of Management 1-1-2010 (Le)agility in Humanitarian Aid Supply Chains Kirstin Scholten Dublin Institute of Technology, kirstinusa@yahoo.com Pamela Sharkey Scott Dublin Institute of Technology Brian Fynes Smurfit School of Business, University College Dublin Recommended Citation Scholten, K., Sharkey Scott, P., Fynes, B. Le)agility in humanitarian aid (NGO) supply International Journal of Physical Distribution Logistics Management Volume: 40 Issue: 8/9 2010 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the School of Management at ARROW@DIT. It has been accepted for inclusion in Articles by an authorized administrator of ARROW@DIT. For more†¦show more content†¦10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Figure 1 Humanitarian Aid funding to the developing world from 2000-2008 in million US$ (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2010) In contrast, commercial organisations actively adopt emerging SCM techniques and have responded to volatile and dynamic markets by developing agile supply chains. These agile supply chains build flexible and responsive capabilities in terms of their processes, networks and how they are integrated across other organisations (Van Hoek et al., 2001). We investigate the applicability of the agility concept to the HA supply chain, specifically NGOs, and present the results of our exploratory investigation. This provides an exciting opportunity to develop and extend the potential originally suggested by Oloruntoba and Gray (2006), and contribute to the theoretical underpinning of this under-researched area (Pettit and Beresford, 2009). By demonstrating how agility practices are translated from commercial to HA organisations, we gain insights into how NGOs specifically, and HA agenciesShow MoreRelatedIntroduction A few decades ago, the true understanding of the impact of supply chain management1400 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction A few decades ago, the true understanding of the impact of supply chain management was alien to many companies (Moore, Baldwin, Camm, Cook, 2002). As Moore et al (2002) continue to state, few companies within different industries understood the important link between strategic goals and supply management principles. This, in effect, meant that purchasing departments were undervalued, seen more or less as order takers and placers, while enjoying little or no respect from other organizationalRead MoreExtended Supply Chain1474 Words   |  6 Pages1. The extended supply chain is a way where everyone contributes to a product. For example, to an automotive company, like Ford, its extended supply chain would include a factory where plastics are produced and another factory where glasses for windshields are molded. Therefore, it is very important to a company to monitor what would happen in its extended supply chain. Sometimes a supplier’s supplier could have an impact on you. For instance, if there is a fire happened in a rubber factory ownedRead MorePerformance Measurement in Logistics Operations1440 Words   |  6 Pagesby the current emulous environment, performance measurement and monitoring, as a subject, has been arousing growing interest in various scopes, especially in the field of logistics operations. Explicit performance measurements provide a common groundwork for decision-making in companies. For performance measurement in Logistics operations, Key Performance Indicators are applied. â€Å"Key Performance Indicators, also known as KPI or Key Success Indicators (KSI), help an organization define and measureRead MoreHumanitarian Supply Chain3188 Words   |  13 Pages Introduction 3. Literature Review 1. Risk Management in Humanitarian Relief Operations 2. Commercial Supply chain and Humanitarian Supply Chain – A Comparative Study 4. Case Study 1. The Yogyakarta Earthquake – Humanitarian Relief Operations through IFRC’s Decentralized Supply Chain. 5. Areas to focus for Future Research 1. Sourcing and Supplier Management 2. Performance Management 3. Transportation, Model Choice and Routing Read MoreManaging Risks For Humanitarian Aid And Disaster Relief Procurement And Logistical Supply3289 Words   |  14 Pages Title: ‘’Managing Risks in Humanitarian Aid and Disaster Relief Procurement and Logistical Supply’’ Acknowledgement: This research thesis results from my Masters studies carried out at the Logistics and supply chain Department of the University of the West of Scotland, United Kingdom. It is my long term desire and great pleasure to offer my sincere thanks to all those who have contributed, in whatever way, to the completion of this work of mine. First of allRead MoreHurricane Katrin The United States6790 Words   |  28 PagesNew Orleans in pity and disgust. The city was falling apart simply because disaster response organizations (namely FEMA) were not adequately responding to the disaster. Critics claim that the government’s mismanagement of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) is to blame for the disappointing relief efforts. FEMA has been accused of taking too long to act and then for not even having a plan of action. Many people agree that the agency had no idea of just how much damage the storm causedRead MoreSwot Analysis Of Jamsetji Tata School Of Disaster Management Essay3196 Words   |  13 PagesDISASTER MANAGEMENT Supply Chain and Logistics challenges Haiti Earthquake, 2010 Shailendra Rai 02-Aug-15 STRATEGIC PLANNING AND DISTRIBUTION NETWORK IN DISASTERS: TRANSPORTATION, WAREHOUSING AND INVENTORY MANAGEMENT Submitted to- Prof. Janki Andharia â€Æ' In the last few decades we have seen the emergence of the supply chain as a critical competitive force in today’s market. By understanding supply chain and fostering appropriate ties between both customers and supplier humanitarian agenciesRead MoreOperation Management - the World Food Program1338 Words   |  6 Pagesthe globe. The organizations are funded by governments, humanitarian organizations, and other voluntary entities or individuals. According to Wikipedia, it is â€Å"the world’s largest humanitarian organization addressing hunger worldwide†. WFP saves lives by getting food to the hungry fast. Over the years, WFP has developed expertise in different areas including Emergency Preparedness, Food security Analysis, Nutrition, Food Procurement and Logistics to ensure the best solutions for the hungry populationsRead MoreA Brief Note On Inter Agency Coordination And Collaborations Impact The Success Of A Humanitarian Relief Operation1553 Words   |  7 Pagesunpredictability of immediate responders, often result in requirement of large scale post disaster partnership between agencies. The paper intends to focus on the degree to which inter-agency coordination and collaborations impact the success of a humanitarian relief operation and thereby asserting the need of association and teamwork both pre and post disaster. Introduction and purpose of study The need for collaboration between different actors working post disaster has been stressed time and againRead MoreNew Service Or Product Development Process1377 Words   |  6 Pagesthe preferred candidate in need of a business opportunity with FedEx. The supplier must be able to provide financial strengths and strong management. Being that the marketplace is competitive, FedEx must find suppliers who can give quality and efficient materials, good delivery and overall beneficial performance for the company. Order fulfillment process Logistics at FedEx is based on four methods of transportation known as trucks, trains ships and airplanes. The end-to-end order fulfillment process

Admission to college Free Essays

The world is fast becoming a borderless place.   Cultures, races, beliefs and ideologies are blend together and interact because of the growing advances in communications.   In order to succeed in this world, one needs to be able to adapt to the various cultural differences as well as be able to maintain a certain sense of individual identity. We will write a custom essay sample on Admission to college or any similar topic only for you Order Now    This is one of the main reasons why I think the (insert name of college here) is the best place for me to cultivate and develop my talents. Life has been challenging for me to say the least.   Unlike many who have gotten many opportunities in life, most of my opportunities have been the result of my hard work.   When I graduated from Columbia-Greene Community College in December 2006 with an Associate in Science Degree, I have to admit that it was one of the proudest moments of my life.   After all these years, the hard work and perseverance that I put in finally paid off and I was able to get the reward that I deserved. It may not seem like a big accomplishment for many people but that day marked the culmination of the years that I put in and the verified my success in the face of the many various challenges that I faced along the way.   It does not appear on any transcript or college record but the fact that I am most proud of is that I accomplished all of this while being a single mother of two very lovely children. They say that college life is very challenging and that the only way to succeed and get high grades in college is by being a full time student.   While I would have wanted to have that same opportunity, I had to do it the hard way; being instead a part time student and a full time mother. Despite these challenges, I was able to remain on the President’s List of outstanding students for the Spring and Fall of 2006 academic semesters.   I constantly maintained excellent grades and also found time to do extra-curricular activities such as participate in the Phi Theta Kappa Sorority where I took part and handled a number of community outreach programs. As I mentioned earlier, the world is changing fast and there are many challenges that lie ahead of me.   I understand that the best way to deal with those challenges is to be prepared and I firmly believe that this (insert name of university here) is the best training ground.   Equipped with a Masteral Degree in Business Administration, I know that I will be able to become much more and be prepared for the challenges that I will encounter. I am currently working full time at the moment in order to prepare financially for college which I will be attending full time should I be accepted to this prestigious University.   Since this is the case, I am hoping that an adult online study course will be able to supplement my quest for knowledge and self-improvement for the meantime. In time, I hope to not only create a better future for myself through the help of a fine education but also to create a better future for my two young children who have the whole world ahead of them. While I personally believe that â€Å"there is no such thing as a free lunch† and that everything a person has in life must come from hard work and perseverance, I also believe in charity.   I believe in helping others who do not have much in life. I believe in helping people regardless of their nation, race or creed.   I believe in being a better person so I can best help myself and others around me.   I believe that the (Insert name of university here) is the best place for me to turn these beliefs into realities. How to cite Admission to college, Essays

Julius Caesar Essays (1869 words) - Julius Caesar, First Triumvirate

Julius Caesar Life of Julius Caesar was a strong leader for the Romans who changed the course of the history of the Greek - Roman world decisively and irreversibly. With his courage and strength he created a strong empire. What happened during his early political career? How did he become such a strong dictator of the Roman Empire? What events led up to the making of the first triumvirate? How did he rise over the other two in the triumvirate and why did he choose to take over? What happened during his reign as dictator of Rome? What events led up to the assassination of Caesar? What happened after he was killed? Caesar was a major part of the Roman Empire because of his strength and his strong war strategies. Julius Caesar was a Roman general and statesman whose dictatorship was pivotal in Rome's transition from republic to empire. When he was young Caesar lived through one of the most horrifying decades in the history of the city of Rome. The city was assaulted twice and captured by Roman armies, first in 87 BC by the leaders of the Populares, his Uncle Marius and Cinna. Cinna was killed the year that Caesar had married Cinna's daughter Cornelia. The second attack upon the city was carried our by Marius' enemy Sulla, leader of the Optimates, in 82 BC on the latter's return from the East. On each occasion the massacre of political opponents was followed by the confiscation of their property. The proscriptions of Sulla, which preceded the reactionary political legislation enacted during his dictatorship left a particularly bitter memory that long survived. Caesar left Rome for the province of Asia on the condition that he divorce his wife because Sulla would only allow him to leave on that condition. When he heard the news that Sulla had been killed he returned to Rome. He studied rhetoric under the distinguished teacher Molon. In the winter of 75-74 BC Caesar was captured by pirated and, while in their custody awaiting the arrival of the ransom money which they demanded, threatened them with crucifixion, a threat which he fulfilled immediately after his release. He then returned to Rome to engage in a normal political career, starting with the quaetorship which he served in 69-68 BC in the province of Further Spain. In the Roman political world of the sixties the dominance of the optimates was challenged by Pompey and Crassus. The optimates, led by Quintus Lutatius Catulus and Lucius Licinius Lucullus, were chiefly men whose careers had been made by Sulla. Pompey and Crassus were consuls in 70 BC and had rescinded the most offensively reactionary measures of Sulla's legislation. During Pompey's absence from 67 to 62 BC during his campaigns against the Mediterranean pirates, Mithridates, and Crassus, his jealous rival. Caesar married Ponpeia after Cornelia's death and was appointed aedile in 65 BC As audile, Caesar returned to Marius' trophies to their former place of honor in the Capitol, thus laying claim to leadership of the populares. When Caesar was a praetor, he supported a tribune who wanted Pompey recalled to restore order in Rome. As a result, Caesar was suspended from office for a period and antagonized Catulus. Before leaving Rome to govern Further Spain for a year, Caesar divorced his wife Pompeia because of the allegation that she had been implicated in the offense of Publius Clods. The latter was then awaiting trial for breaking into Caesar's house the previous December disguised as a woman at the festival of the Bona Dea, which no man is allowed to attend. After his return from a successful year administrating Spain Caesar was elected consul for 59 BC through political alliance with Pompey and Crassus. This alliance was called the first triumvirate. Caesar's purpose was to gain a big military command. Pompey for his part sought the ratification of his eastern settlement and land allotments for his discharged troops. Crassus sought a revision of the contract for collecting taxes in the province of Asia. An agrarian bill authorizing the purchase of land for Pompey's veterans was passed in January of 59BC at a disorderly public assembly which Caesar's fellow consul Calpurnius Bibulus, was thrown from the platform and his consularinsignia were broken. Bibulus tried to stop Caesar and his supporters from passing any further law but was only able to postpone the creation of the new laws by saying that the skies would not permit it because there was stormy weather and they were very superstitious. Caesar disregarded Bibulus' behavior and the remainder Julius Caesar Essays (1869 words) - Julius Caesar, First Triumvirate Julius Caesar Julius Caesar Julius Caesar was a strong leader for the Romans who changed the course of the history of the Greco - Roman world decisively and irreversibly. With his courage and strength he created a strong empire . What happened during his early political career? How did he become such a strong dictator of the Roman Empire? What events led up to the making of the first triumvirate? How did he rise over the other two in the triumvirate and why did he choose to take over? What happened during his reign as dictator of Rome? What events led up to the assassination of Caesar? What happened after he was killed? Caesar was a major part of the Roman Empire because of his strength and his strong war strategies. Julius Caesar was a Roman general and statesman whose dictatorship was pivotal in Rome's transition from republic to empire. When he was young Caesar lived through one of the most horrifying decades in the history of the city of Rome. The city was assaulted twice and captured by Roman armies, first in 87 BC by the leaders of the populares, his uncle Marius and Cinna. Cinna was killed the year that Caesar had married Cinna's daughter Cornelia. The second attack upon the city was carried our by Marius' enemy Sulla, leader of the optimates, in 82 BC on the latter's return from the East. On each occasion the massacre of political opponents was followed by the confiscation of their property. The proscriptions of Sulla, which preceded the reactionary political legislation enacted during his dictatorship left a particularly bitter memory that long survived. Caesar left Rome for the province of Asia on the condition that he divorce his wife because Sulla would only allow him to leave on that condition. When he heard the news that Sulla had been killed he returned to Rome. He studied rhetoric under the distinguished teacher Molon. In the winter of 75-74 BC Caesar was captured by pirated and, while in their custody awaiting the arrival of the ransom money which they demanded, threatened them with crucifixion , a threat which he fulfilled immediately after his release. He then returned to Rome to engage in a normal political career, starting with the quaetorship which he served in 69-68 BC in the province of Further Spain. In the Roman political world of the sixties the dominance of the optimates was challenged by Pompey and Crassus. The optimates, led by Quintus Lutatius Catulus and Lucius Licinius Lucullus , were chiefly men whose careers had been made by Sulla. Pompey and Crassus were consuls in 70 BC and had rescinded the most offensively reactionary measures of Sulla's legislation. During Pompey's absence from 67 to 62 BC during his campaigns against the Mediterranean pirates, Mithridates, and Crassus, his jealous rival. Caesar married Ponpeia after Cornelia's death and was appointed aedile in 65 BC As aedile , Caesar returned to Marius' trophies to their former place of honor in the Capitol, thus laying claim to leadership of the populares. When Caesar was a praetor, he supported a tribune who wanted Pompey recalled to restore order in Rome. As a result, Caesar was suspended from office for a period and antagonized Catulus. Before leaving Rome to govern Further Spain for a year, Caesar divorced his wife Pompeia because of the allegation that she had been implicated in the offense of Publius Clodius. The latter was then awaiting trial for breaking into Caesar's house the previous December disguised as a woman at the festival of the Bona Dea, which no man is allowed to attend. After his return from a successful year administrating Spain Caesar was elected consul for 59 BC through political alliance with Pompey and Crassus . This alliance was called the first triumvirate. Caesar's purpose was to gain a big military command. Pompey for his part sought the ratification of his Eastern settlement and land allotments for his discharged troops. Crassus sought a revision of the contract for collecting taxes in the province of Asia. An agrarian bill authorizing the purchase of land for Pompey's veterans was passed in January of 59 BC at a disorderly public assembly which Caesar's fellow consul Calpurnius Bibulus, was thrown from the platform and his consular insignia were broken. Bibulus tried to stop Caesar and his supporters from passing any further law but was only able to postpone the creation of the new laws by saying that the skies would not permit it because there was stormy weather and they were very superstitious. Caesar disregarded Bibulus' behavior and the remainder of the

Good Political Science Research Paper Topics

Good Political Science Research Paper Topics What is a Political Science Research Paper? The purpose of a research paper is answering some type of question, particularly one that requires putting forth new knowledge or solving a practical problem. Research papers present topics based on investigation and focus on substantial arguments. Therefore, a political science research paper answers questions or solves problems about political science topics. Political science is also concerned with social science, as well as political theory, practice, systems, and trends. The political science research paper should consist of an in-depth analysis of a political subject. The type of research you embark upon depends on the type of research question you need to answer, as well as what relevant information, evidence, and data are available for research. Types of Political Science Research Topics Good political science research topics aim at analyzing important contributions to political science, as well as policy knowledge and test topics such as historical American politics (relating to local, state, and federal events), government policy (relating to healthcare, immigration, infrastructure, etc.), comparative politics (relating to comparisons between different governments), or theoretical or empirical subjects (relating to pacifism, utopianism, libertarianism, etc.). Choosing a Topic Political science deals with political systems and characteristics pertaining to states and their constituting elements, economies of a state, and the state’s responsibilities. So, there are numerous topics to write about. When deciding on a Political Science research paper topic, do not choose too broad of a topic; choose a narrow topic and be specific. For instance, instead of choosing to write on â€Å"Global Warming,† you could change that to â€Å"Ways to Halt Global Warming†. Additionally, when choosing a topic, it is best to choose a current topic. However, if you choose a classic topic, such as Foreign Policy, be sure to make it interesting and offer some new insight into the subject. However, no matter what topic you choose, it is best that you choose something that you are interested in. Other suggested political science research topics include: Marxism vs. Capitalism The Role of the State Historical Events The Electoral Process Foreign Policy National Security Education Policy Tax Policy Environmental Policy Globalization Reproductive Rights Any current political event Political science is not an easy subject; it is very broad and complex and is based on social sciences which influence people’s lives. Political science has practical and theoretical implications and it has been studied since ancient times, but codified in the 19th century.

45 Synonyms for Old and Old-Fashioned

45 Synonyms for Old and Old-Fashioned 45 Synonyms for â€Å"Old† and â€Å"Old-Fashioned† 45 Synonyms for â€Å"Old† and â€Å"Old-Fashioned† By Mark Nichol Our culture’s attitude toward age is reflected in the often-pejorative meanings of words synonymous with old and old-fashioned, though some are neutral or even reverent. Here are forty-five words that refer to people, places, and things that are, or are considered, old or old-fashioned. (Unrelated senses are also listed.) 1. Aged: advanced in age, typical of old age; also, at an age 2. Aging: advancing in age, or the concept of growing older 3. Ancient: aged, old-fashioned, or pertaining to long-ago times, or see venerable 4. Anile: pertaining to or resembling an old woman, or see senile 5. Antiquated: of advanced age, or out of fashion or style 6. Archaic: pertaining to an earlier time 7. Dated: old-fashioned; also, provided with a date 8. Decrepit: infirm because of old age, or dilapidated, run down, or worn out 9. Dà ©modà ©: unfashionable 10. Demoded: see dà ©modà © 11. Doddering: see senile 12. Elderly: pertaining to the late period of life, or old-fashioned 13. Fossilized: see outmoded; also, fixed or rigid, or converted into a fossil 14. Geriatric: old or out of style, or pertaining to older people or to the process of aging 15. Kaput: outmoded; also, broken, or defeated or destroyed 16. Long lived: characterized by a long life span 17. Medieval: see antiquated and outmoded; also, pertaining to the Middle Ages in Europe 18. Moribund: inactive, obsolete, or nearing death 19. Mossy: see antiquated; also, something similar to moss, or covered by moss or something similar 20. Moth eaten: see antiquated and outmoded; also, eaten by moths or their larvae 21. Noachian: see ancient and antiquated; also, pertaining to Noah or the era in which he lived 22. Neolithic: old-fashioned because a holdover from another era; also, a scientific term (always capitalized) referring to the later Stone Age 23. Obsolete: old-fashioned, or no longer useful; also, in biology, flawed or vestigial in comparison to similar features 24. Out of date: see outmoded 25. Outdated: see outmoded 26. Outmoded: out of style, or not acceptable or current 27. Outworn: see outmoded 28. Overage: too old to be of use, or older than normal 29. Over the hill: advanced in age, or past one’s prime 30. Passà ©: past one’s prime, and see outmoded 31. Prehistoric: see outmoded; also, in archaeology and language, from before written history 32. Quaint: old-fashioned; also, odd, elegant, or skillfully designed 33. Retro: see retrograde (however, the short form is from the French term rà ©trospectif, not from retrograde) 34. Retrograde: fashionable nostalgic, or trendily old-fashioned; also, various technical senses of moving backward or contrary to normal motion 35. Rusty: clumsy or slow due to old age or lack of practice 36. Senescent: old, or becoming old; also, the part of a plant’s life cycle from full maturity onward 37. Senile: pertaining to old age, especially to loss of mental faculties 38. Senior: older, or older than another; also, someone in the highest level in an institution or organization or with high rank or status 39. Spavined: see decrepit; also, afflicted with swelling 40. Stone Age: a period or a stage in the development of a field or institution considered old or old-fashioned; also, in archeology, the earliest period of human culture (always capitalized in both senses) 41. Superannuated: older than is typical, disqualified for active duty because of age, or old-fashioned 42. Tottery: infirm or precarious 43. Unyoung: old 44. Venerable: prompting respect because of age and attendant wisdom or skill, or impressive because of age; also, sacred or deserving of reverence 45. Vintage: old or old-fashioned; also, among the best (said of a particular person or thing), or of enduring interest or worth Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Grammar Test 1Taser or Tazer? Tazing or Tasering?How to Address Your Elders, Your Doctor, Young Children... and Your CEO

Cloning Brachyury from SW480 in pNEB193 plasmid Essay - 2

Cloning Brachyury from SW480 in pNEB193 plasmid - Essay Example This concentration permitted me to proceed on to the next step of the experiment as it had more than 500 ng of RNA. However, it was noted that some students obtained very low concentrations of 15 ng/ ÃŽ ¼L compared to the class average of 169.3 ng/ ÃŽ ¼L. If the class results are analyzed, it can be noted that the standard deviation of this experiment is 151, hence, the range of results is (169 +/− 151) 18 – 320. Table 1 shows that sample F concentration. Nevertheless, samples H, L for example are much higher than the range of the results. The key point of the experiment which determined if the experiment could go on or not was the quality of RNA. That is depicted in figure1: gel denaturation of RNA, the ratio between 28S and 18S RNA is 1.3 – 2.5; many of the students had this value while some were not due to sample degradation or they did not load their samples in the appropriate wells. 3 – The second experiment was the cDNA synthesis where RT – PCR (SuperScript III RT) was used to synthesis it from RNA which was determined by the students as B, D, E, G K O and P. Every student began with a concentration of 6.16 ng. After the synthesis of cDNA, the concentration of the the whole sample was measured by the demonstrator using a Nanodrop. The data of the whole class was very close to the average 747 .2 ng/ ÃŽ ¼L (table 2). The standard deviation was 131.2 which were very small. Thus, almost all students did the experiment correctly as the results of the class data were in the range of 547 – 631 ng/ ÃŽ ¼L. On my part, the sample obtained was 302 ng/ ÃŽ ¼L which also was in the range. This allowed all students to go on to the next experiment. 4 – The next step of the experiment involved the use of the PCR to amplify the full length of Brachyury and human ÃŽ ² – actin from the cDNA that was obtained. Using 0.8% agarose gel electrophoresis, the products of the PCR were analyzed. The PCR in my group worked and had

How the Vietnam war changed the u.s Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

How the Vietnam war changed the u.s - Essay Example They are of the view that it changed the manner in which the American society perceived their Constitutional rights, the media, as well as the government (Lawrence, 2008). While the War torn the country apart to some extent, it brought the country in a different and new ways. The controversial nature of the war spurred a huge many sources of protest, against how power is used by the government, how far could the freedom of expression be stretched, and mainly against the war itself (Franklin, 2000). In order to understand the effects of the Vietnam War in to the American society, this paper will discuss how the war changed the U.S. At the beginning of the Vietnam War, majority of the American public believed that the United States involvement in the war was justified. Most of the Americans supported the containment strategy as a way of protecting the interests of the United States (Nulty, 2007). They saw the need for thousands of the Americans to fight and protect their country. However, as the war progressed, Americans realized that the whole concept of the Vietnam War was flawed. As a result of this realization, there were demonstrations and protests across America against the war. The defeat of the United States in the war severely demoralized the American people. The citizens of America had liked to perceive themselves and their country as being invincible and therefore losing the war meant that their self confidence as well as pride would be lost (Hagopian, 2009). The war led to a reappraisal of America’s glory and power, as well as dampening the self confidence of the American people. It also led to economic woes and increased debts considering the huge amount of resources that was used in during the war. The eventualities of the war weakened the public support in the American government, as well as the competence and honesty of its leaders. A high degree of suspicion and skepticism were the main characterized

Using Facebook to Create Identity

Using Facebook to Create Identity Facebook biography Introduction A Facebook biography is a form of identity mask. People can hide their defects what they do while others and deceive others about their real identity true self. Traditionally, people make friends with others who are around them. Nowadays, people send friend requests to random people on Facebook or get connected use available through other networks to increase their number of friends. Others might make befriend friends with those people they interact with online. Many friend requests are sent after making contacts in other areas of the Web online websites. However, most people rarely interact with the majority of their Facebook friends, thereby creating a dormant archive of relationships. Despite this, most people want to portray certain traits through their bios. The Facebook bios of celebrities and professionals are frequently searched. In his article Reflections in the Facebook Mirror, Aimee Lee Ball argues that Facebook users hide their identity through well-crafted bios. Using Facebook to hide Identity The need to hide information about oneself is motivated by the increased possibilities of revealing oneself to large groups of people. People hide their identities so they can be liked more. Facebook increases opportunities for communication and influences how like other types of communicative such as the phone and email are used. It is difficult to describe oneself in a few words as required in Facebook; this is the reason professionals some people with a long list of credentials find it stressful difficult to describe themselves. Many people want their biographies to be simple but to reflect their skills and abilities as much as possible approachability. They want to look accomplished, but not boastful. There are professionals who expose a lot of information in order to ensure themselves open and sincere. Most of them have taken professions that are characterized by too much fraud and insincerity. Moreover, people do not want to limit their access by being on the other side of the political or religious division. They will go to great extent to hide their religious and political affiliation. Sometimes, they will make complex depiction of themselves. Regarding religion, Facebook users will make descriptions that make them look normal and acceptable. People rarely state that they are atheist. Others, who present themselves as atheists, have something else to compensate this weak point. Some Facebook users do not like the idea of filling in their bio-data especially because they will be required to get out of their comfort zones. Consequently, they will give haphazard descriptions in the ‘religion’ and ‘politics’ sections. Disgruntlement towards Facebook bios may stem from a desire to keep some aspects private, and the need to escape bias (Boyd Ellison, 2007). Most descriptions are radical and are a sign of protest to the inclusion of these fields in the identity information. In the religion section, a description such as â€Å"I have given up on God and now just worship Oprah† may be protesting at the self-promoting attitudes that people have as they post their information. Facebook bios are a sign of self-adulation and self-satisfaction. Most people do not change their bios after changing their habits, due to things such as relocation. Others may not be experts at stating that what hobbies they actually have. But their association with a hobby reveals innermost desire to become or to achieve. Some professionals reveal more than aspirations; they go to great lengths to show that they did something unique such as attending Yale University or working for Bain Company. They feverishly flood their profiles with events, achievements and projects. Still, some Facebook users prepare their bio in a self-exploration manner. For instance, they may want to test their marketing and branding skills. Self-exploration can be taken in the form of fun. Individuals will play with words in order to appear as jovial and open-minded. Identity formation through a Facebook profile is arguably a rational process of self-deception. Some professionals hire individuals to manage their profiles and increase obscurity through writing and vocabulary (Zà ºÃƒ ±iga, Jung Venezuela, 2012). However, most of the Facebook users use well-crafted words to show that they are interesting and creative. Others may give detailed descriptions in an a ttempt to show non-allegiance to common beliefs and associations. These people tend to deceive themselves. For example, a friend of mine is obsessed with the idea of achieving fame through the use of social media platforms such as Facebook and Instagram. She uses Photoshop on all of photo to make her look prettier and those photos made her over ten thousand â€Å"friends† and â€Å"followers†. But friending people online is not a substitute for real friendship in real life. She doesn’t have many friends in school and the friends she got left her behind because her self-importance of being famous on the social media platforms. But eventually their mask will pull off at a certain point and people will find out who they really are. Depending on individuals, preparing a Facebook bio can be a threat as well as an opportunity. It needs to be brief and may consume hours to make it short and satisfactory. Those who succeed in writing a good bio tend to think of the proc ess as a copywriting exercise. Individuals who see opportunities in writing a bio tend to think of it as an introduction of them on the social network. They think that the bio is the merit for an audience to evaluate them and to decide whether they are worth their time. It is a rare chance for them to make a big impression. Many Facebook bios intend to show what a person does, rather than what a person is. Therefore, such bios comprise on actions and thus have resume-like descriptions of individuals. For instance, a classmate of mine who always posts photo of his designer clothes, luxuries and expensive food on Facebook or Instagram to make other people on the social media platform to think he is wealthy to gratify his vanity. But in real life, he always borrows money from other people and something he does not pay them back. The approach has also been incorporated in the portrayal of character. Rather than stating that, individuals have certain traits such as creativity or sociability, the bio references specific projects or activities that demonstrate those traits. There are people/professionals who help their friends or clients to prepare an appealing Facebook bio (Boyd Ellison, 2007). They tend to have three main ingredients: wit, focus, and evidence of polish. Wit means there’s a governing intellect behind the style while polish means there’s an element of authenticity. The things such people keep in secret, are like they do not define themselves as much as they are exposed to the public (Boyd Crawford, 2012). Firstly, people succeed in deceiving others through their attractive bios that do not reflect their true identities. Secondly, no one is willing to expose the questionable individuals who hide their real identities to deceive and are engaged in crime and misdemeanor. In particular, stalkers are rarely exposed. Facebook users tend to block the friends and strangers with questionable character or background to restrain their access to their profiles. However, they do not do enough to help others for escaping the stalkers, rapists and cons. In addition, many questionable individuals have tailored some keywords to attract the audience. Keywords are used by many Facebook users to specify that what individuals they are. As most social media bios are searchable to some extent, individuals tend to state specific positions or qualities so that they can be found easily. Many Facebook users cannot be measured on the basis of their self-evaluation. Most of the people cannot adequately state their level of competence in their respective positions. It is critical to evaluate them on a person-to-person basis or through their friends and former clients. Professionals also introduce new styles to personal descriptions so that they can appear creative and adventurous to explore. They want to raise their value proposition. Followers cannot determine the value a professional has unless they try his services. However, many professionals do not reveal cases or challenges that threaten, or may have threatened, to keep them out of business. They will not expose such hobbies that are uniquely theirs. Measuring someone through his own impression in person is achievable. A face-to-face meeting can reveal whether the person is familiar with their profession o r not. The discussion of their hobbies and interests can be involved in the meeting. Facebook users who have stated their real interests in their profiles will also give much detail about it. Frequent dealings with a person can reveal whether he has a fully rounded personality or if merely deceives people through their profiles (Boyd Crawford, 2012). For example, people who appear disorganized in their Facebook bio or profile are likely to be disorganized in real life. The intention of determining the real identity of a professional is to verify his identity and level of professionalism. If individuals are found, for example, to have different hobbies, their competence can be put in questioned. Facebook profiles should be changed if progress warrants it. While some people are evaluated by others in their timeline, taking care of some supporters may have their own personal interests. Conclusion A Facebook biography is a form of identity mask that people can wear to deceive others about their real identity. Facebook bios are a sign of self-adulation and self-satisfaction. Identity formation through a Facebook profile is arguably a rational process of self-deception. Most of the Facebook users cannot be measured on the basis of their self-evaluation as they have perfection in the art of deceiving others. Measuring someone through their own impression in person is achievable. In future, Facebook users may describe themselves in more complex terms than today; this may grow out because of the need unique and distinct appearance from others in an increasingly populous planet. References Boyd, D. and K. Crawford. (2012) Critical Questions for Big Data: Provocations for a cultural, technological, and scholarly phenomenon. Information, Communication and Society: 662-679. Boyd, D. M. and N. Ellison. (2007)Social Network Sites: Definition, History, and Scholarship . Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication: 210-230. Zà ºÃƒ ±iga, H. G., N. Jung and S. Venezuela. (2012)Social Media Use for News and Individuals Social Capital, Civic Engagement and Political Participation. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication: 319-336.

American Success in Achieving Independence Essay

Introduction The British military was considered the strongest in the world at the outreach of fighting between England and the American colonies in 1775. Britain had just defeated France and the Indians in the Seven Years War and had attained its prominence as a world’s superpower. Yet despite Britain’s overpowering military dominance, the British found themselves unable to subdue General Washington and the American colonies. The American’s success in achieving independence during the American Revolution was not due to General Washington’s strategic skill but by numerous British blunders. The British mistakes during the Revolutionary war are: they never had an overall strategy; they failed to identify the Center of Gravity, shifting from offensive strategy to a defensive strategy and diverting the war to the Southern colonies. Overall strategy The British never had an overall strategy for winning the Revolutionary War. They acted vigilantly at points when authoritative and serious attacks could have undermined the Continental army. The British assumed that American rebellion would disintegrate when British troops lands on American shores. They believed that the Continental Army was amateurish and unable to fight a interminable war against an organized British military force. Not until after the Battle of Bunker did the British even begin to consider in terms of war rather than simply rebellion. Britain certainly not intended for a lengthy war and constantly expected for the one pivotal victory. The Continental Army was fighting a domestic war while the British had to ship their troops from across the Atlantic. Fighting against their own countrymen was also both a psychological and emotional handicap for the British soldiers. The British military regularly made mistakes, especially General Howe. His indolence to take action at the start of the war made it probable for General Washington and the Continental Army to survive. Occurrences of poor communication and collaboration between British commanders resulted in squandered occasions as well in Saratoga and Yorktown. The component of period unceasingly handicapped British maneuvers. Communications both across the Atlantic and within the colonies were dawdling and useless. Some commanders took matters into their own hands and followed strategies that they felt best suited their immediate goals. The indecision surrounding responses frequently led to unwarranted caution, unnecessary delays, or unforeseeable prospects in strategic situations, which eventually demonstrated to be costly. Because of the length of time it took for communications, field conditions continually changed. Failure to identify the Center of Gravity The Americans had no discernable central government and the British could not determine a truly decisive Center of the Gravity (COG). The COG is the hub of all power and movement, on which everything depends (Clausewitz, pp. 595-596). There was no COG that Britain could seize and end the war. There was no one that the British military could defeat that would quickly bring about the abandonment of the entire colonist opposition. Throughout the campaign, General Howe continued to allow the Continental Army to withdraw from the field without entirely destroying them. General Howe’s unwillingness to conduct a forceful pursuit and destroy General Washington’s Continental Army saved the Americans from a defeat that could have possibly ended the American Revolution. General Howe did not take into account that the Continental Army was the life of the rebellion and should have been considered as the COG. The British dissipated an opportunity to inflict a destructive defeat on the Continental army at the Battle of Bunker Hill in June 1775. Although they strained the insurgents from the elevated field, the British army missed their chance to deal the rebellion a possibly disastrous blow from the start. Another chance of destruction of the Continental Army came in August 1776. General Washington and the Continental Army had been routed in the Battle of Long Island and withdrew to the defenses of Brooklyn Heights, which left them confined between Hessian and British troops and the East River. General Washington was able to keep the revolution alive by maintaining the Continental Army in the field. Shifting from offensive strategy to a defensive strategy Without French assistance, it is uncertain that the American colonies could have been a match over Britain’s sizeable and well-equipped military. France clandestinely provided the American colonies with supplies and money, and upon formally declaring war on England in June 1778, also committed soldiers and naval fleets. With the French joining the naval war, Britain switched from an offensive strategy to a defensive strategy since their naval superiority is contested. Operations in America became secondary to defense of the British Isles and larger economic interests in the Caribbean. The ministry decided to defend and strike the French in West Indies, which was regarded as more valuable than the American colonies. The British militaries had to be dispersed in several theaters and spread so thin across the Atlantic and no longer concentrated on the colonies, which consequently lost the war in America (Middlekauff, p. 438). Britain’s failure to identify key locations to concentrate her Navy led to not able to secure their most strategically located territories and did not have enough military resources to continue the war in America. â€Å"With the defense thus concentrated, England’s great weapon, the Navy, should have been vigorously used on the offensive† (Mahan, p. 394). Diverting the war to the southern colonies During the initial years of the American Revolutionary War, the initial military battles were in the north. The British changed their strategy to focus on the southern colonies as the leadership felt that the south was home to many loyalists where they could enlist their support and assistance. England felt loyalists in the South were oppressed by the revolutionary government and would flock to them in support (Mahan, p. 516). Britain constantly pursued and hoped for Loyalist support but was never received. Moreover, Britain also definitely did not do what was needed to gain and sustain the Loyalists’ support because they inclined to disregard the help that the Loyalists contributed. In addition, the British Parliament assumed that loyalists would be a more intimidating force and play a more effective position in the war. The British was successful in most conventional battles fought in that region, but American generals in the south turned to irregular and hit-and-run combat that ultimately thwarted the British military. The British should have focused most of their forces on the Continental Army in the north instead of taking the south. Counter-Argument Some argue American independence might not have won without the leadership of General George Washington. He was honest, brave, and sure that the America and its Continental Army can win. He certainly not gave up faith that he would reach that object. His first military victory resulted in the British evacuating Boston in March 1776. General Washington reevaluated the wisdom of the tactical defensive and thereafter avoided confrontations with large concentrations of enemy forces after unsuccessful defense of New York and next Philadelphia. General Washington came to realization that it was far more critical for him to maintain the army as an entity than it was to win any particular battle or campaign (Weigley, p.12). Instead of trying to defeat the British in one decisive action, General Washington instinctively realized that the revolution would survive as long as the Continental army survived. Washington had to remain not only on the strategic defensive, but frequently on the tactical defensive, as well. He correctly understood that, by keeping his army intact, he could keep the revolution alive. If he could maintain the war long enough, Britain would exhaust her resources and struggle across the Atlantic and independence would be gained. Although General Washington lacked major victories in the Revolutionary war, his noted two tactical successes, at Trenton and Princeton, were conducted against smaller concentrations of an enemy force. But, General Washington made a number of excellent decisions at crucial times throughout the conflict. Conclusion Britain had an enormous military advantage at the beginning of the American Revolution with vastly superior naval power and a professional military with far greater financial resources. The British fought a much weaker enemy yet failed to accomplish its military and political objectives. General Washington recognized that the Continental Army was the backbone of the revolution, the Center of Gravity, where the British failed to identify. Another reason was the assistance the Americans received from the French. The British military were remarkably unmatched and clearly the superior army, and had the French not provided aid, it seems unlikely that General Washington and the Continental Army could have defeated the British. They pulled together and were able to capitalize on the British’s blunders. Bibliography 1. Clausewitz, C. On War. Michael Howard and Peter Paret, eds. and trans. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1989 2. Mahan, A. T. The Influence of Sea Power Upon History, 1660-1783. New York: Dover, 1987. 3. Middlekauff, R. The Glorious Cause: The American Revolution, 1763-1789. New York: Oxford University Press, 2005. 4. Weigley, R. F. The American Way of War: A History of United States Military Strategy and Policy. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1977.

The Criticism Of Simpson And Brown Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 11 Words: 3184 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Business Essay Type Research paper Did you like this example? 1. Simpson and Brown presumably acted in what they thought were the best profit interests of their companies. Nothing they did was illegal. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Criticism Of Simpson And Brown Finance Essay" essay for you Create order On what grounds if any, are their actions open to criticism? Indeed the role of a financial manager in a corporation is key for a companys success. He has the responsibility in ensuring the proper workflow of the financial management process in the company including financial analysis, financial decision making and financial control which contributes fully to the successful management of the business. He has to make sure that there is effective funds management in which all the funds are properly allocated and utilized for organizational objectives. He is also in charge of making sure that the firm is exposed to minimum financial and foreign exchange risk and tax liabilities. He needs to interact with the financial market and other financial institutions to find more investment and financing opportunities for the company. He also has to be involved in handling the companys image and its good relationship with the financial community. Balancing the profitability of a company versus de aling with ethical issues surrounding a companys project is also part of a financial managers task. The financial manager is not only a financial specialist but is also involved in being part of a team. He is the key member of the senior management team who is required to have good interpersonal skills to be able to communicate among his colleagues, as well as have technical skills which is important in contributing to the overall management of the organization and its goal of value maximization. (McNemanin, 1999) In the case of Mr. Sumner Simpson, President of Raybestos-Manhattan and Vandivar Brown, Secretary of John-Mansville, financial managers to two different asbestos companies, they were only thinking of the long term value and benefit of their product and its impact to the company. As financial managers, their main goal is the maximization of value for shareholders. They have to ensure that the owners of the company are gaining significant profit from their investment i n the company. And Asbestos being in demand and a necessity in different manufacturing areas such as fireproofing, electrical insulation, building materials, brake linings and chemical filters, they knew that income will continue rising thus, overwriting its negative effects. The potential liability of the inhalation of asbestos was not a cause of immediate concern for Mr. Simpson and Mr. Brown. As stated in the article, only people who are exposed to this chemical for long periods of time, usually 10 years or more are the ones who develop asbestosis and mesthelioma. So the link between these illnesses and the asbestos product cannot be proven in a short span of time. In line with this, if the asbestos companies can prove through research that asbestosis was milder than silicosis, an illness which causes shortness of breath caused by inhalation of silica dust, they knew that they can give compensation to workers who will develop this disease. But the thought that asbestosis ca n be a compensable disease is also what made these financial managers bring their companies to financial ruin. Even as the link between asbestos and the lung diseases asbestosis and mesthelioma is not immediately apparent in the first year, the cases of workers who developed this sickness boomed after a few years. With so much sick workers filing for compensation, reaching almost 500 workers a month, Raybestos-Manhattan and John-Mansville corporation were spending more than they were earning to the point of filing for bankruptcy. They didnt think of the long term effect of this illness not only to the workers but to the company. Mr. Browns justification of concealing the true state of a workers health as long as he is not disabled to be able to happily work in the company shows the selfishness of the company towards the welfare of its workers. A caring company should make sure that their workers are in their best health condition to be able to work properly. In times of sickness, they should provide their employees proper health care. These are mandatory obligations of a company to their employees, who are major players in the success of a company. Mr. Simpson and Mr. Brown were too focused in thinking of maximization of wealth. They have forgotten that a company is made up not only of the owners but of all of those affected by corporate behavior such as the general public, workers and consumers. The Stakeholder theory states that in making corporate decisions, the company should always think of everyone involved in the company including the workers and consumers. In the Stakeholder theory, the owners are the primary stakeholders. Employees, lenders and others who are with a direct economic interest in the corporation are the secondary stakeholders. Stockbrokers, tax authorities and potential investors are the tertiary stakeholder. Maximization of wealth of the shareholder is not the only goal of the financial manager but the over-all welfare of all stak eholders. (McNemanin, 1999) This management theory believes that healthy relationship among all the stakeholders will produce long term benefits for the company. For example, giving workers additional bonuses and proper health benefits will boost their morale and make them more enthusiastic in working for the company. They will feel they are being taken care of by their employers and in return, they will be committed and give their best for the benefit of the company. Giving additional rewards to customers also produces customer loyalty to a companys product. The stakeholder theory recognizes the rights of all the different parties involved in the companys function and not only the shareholders interests. If Mr. Simpson and Mr. Brown have given more value to their employees, the worker should have not gotten sick and filed complaints. Mr. Simpson and Mr. Brown have also clearly violated corporate social responsibility. Companies have major areas of social responsibility. First of all is the full compliance with all the laws where the company functions. It should abide by all international, federal, state and local legislative laws and acts. Asbestos companies have undoubtedly violated the law by putting in danger the lives of its workers. By concealing the hazardous effects of the inhalation of asbestos, these companies have put thousands of civilians lives at risk. The litigation of asbestos companies has been the longest running mass tort in U.S. History.(Carpol, 2002) Every year, the number of people who file for claims is growing. Asbestos companies have not been able to give all of these victims proper compensation. Different arrangements have been planned to pay all the plaintiffs, however, due to lack of funds, improper allocation of funds is happening. The fall of the asbestos companies clearly show the drastic effect of not following proper corporate social responsibility. The second area of social responsibility is creating moral and ethical standards on which the company will operate. These standards vary from one company to another. Something is considered ethical if it abides by the principles of conduct given by the group. Much problem arises in developing a companys set of ethical and moral standards. Answering the question what is the right thing to do? is not easy especially since each and every person in the company have different backgrounds and perspective in life which means every judgment differs from another. Ethics in business provide a moral framework where financial managers may evaluate their decisions and judgments when faced with a difficult business dilemma. Unethical behavior does not equate to illegal behavior. An unethical behavior usually breaches an accepted code or conduct of behavior in a certain group of people but not necessarily break a law. Common ethical issues in business are usually giving consumers misleading information about a product or service, not disclosing company policies and practices and not telling how a company deals with environmental matters. Also non-disclosure of pertinent information regarding a product is also one ethical pitfall. (Anderson, 1989) In a financial managers point of view, there is nothing illegal in what Mr. Simpson and Mr. Brown did to preserve the interest of their company. They continued promoting asbestos as it evidently gave the company huge profit. However, it was unethical for them to not disclose the hazardous effects of the inhalation of asbestos to the public. They mislead the people in believing that their product is safe to use, they did not give the people the true information regarding this product. Mr. Simpson and Mr. Brown may have benefitted from this omission for a short term, but in the long run, they lost the publics confidence and trust resulting to massive law suits to their disadvantage. Because of this disgrace, their companies have lost millions of money eventually leading to bankruptcy. In concl usion, Mr. Sumner Simpson and Mr. Vandivar Brown should have re-evaluated their companies project in using asbestos. They should have seen the long term effects of the disclosure of information regarding asbestos and giving their workers proper knowledge about the product that they were exposed to while working. Despite maximization of wealth being a primary goal, financial managers should never forget the companys social responsibility to the people. Investing in the welfare of the people workers, consumers and other diverse parties provides future long term benefits to a company. 2. Does Dr. Smiths explanation for concealing from workers the nature of thir health problems illustrate how adherence to industry and corporate goals can militate against individual moral behavior? Or do you think Dr. Smith did all he was morally obliged to do as an employee of an asbestos firm? What about Lanzas suppression of data in his report? Deciding whether or not to follow ones moral duty or abide to industry corporate goals is not an easy decision to make. Sometimes, the goals of the corporation may not be in accordance to an employees morals and ethics. There is an ethical conflict between what is best for the company and its workers. In this case, whether or not to pertinent information regarding the effects of the inhalation of asbestos to the public is a hard decision for an employee to make. By exposing the studies, shareholders wealth will surely suffer, but at the same time concealing the effects will be harmful for the workers who are employed in the company. Who should be given utmost importance in this scenario- the profit of the company or the welfare of workers? Who should sacrifice? The company who can suffer future financial loss? Or the workers who can die of cancer because of their continued exposure to asbestos? Discussion of the conflict between maximization of wealth and the moral and ethical v alue of decisions within a company can be linked to two concepts in making crucial decisions in financial management. The first concept is Corporate Governance. Corporate governance is the group of customs, policies, laws and processes that affects how a company is controlled and managed. This is also the standards of behavior and conduct expected from the directors and other senior executives in running the affairs of the company. This involves the relationship among various participants in determining the direction and performance of corporations (Monks and Minnow, 1995) Corporate governance also refers to the relationship of the senior executives to shareholders and other stakeholders such as the employees, consumers and suppliers. Some of the important themes discussed in the corporate governance are the principal-agent problem where the interests of the manager in practice may be in conflict with the goal of maximization of the share holders wealth. Another theme in corpo rate governance is always acting for the best interest of the shareholder and one more popular model is the stakeholder theory which gives importance not only to shareholders but also to other stakeholders who are part of the company. Corporate governance practices have been given renewed interest as the decisions of financial managers and directors in the past, such as in the case of the asbestos company, has shown to be crucial in the success or downfall of a company. Dr. Smiths explanation in concealing from workers the nature of their health problems indeed illustrate how the goals of the companies manipulate the individual moral behavior. As said in the article, by not telling their true condition, the workers could continue to live happily in peace and be more beneficial for the company. They have manipulated their employees in believing that they are healthy and have deprived them of their right to take control of their health. When workers who had cancer filed lawsuits already in the 1950s, he also suggested Health Industrial Health Foundation be retained to conduct a cancer study that would destroy the link between asbestos and cancer, however, companies refused believing that such a research would only give bad publicity to their product. His only goal in suggesting this was to disprove the asbestos-cancer connection, and protect the brand name of his company. He was not thinking of the workers welfare. Also, by not recommending to John-Mansville officials to put warning labels on insulation products containing asbestos, he was again thinking only of the reputation of the brand name of his asbestos firm. He was only thinking of the potential future financial loss of putting such a warning and therefore never suggested the idea to the company. His acts were fully in the interest of maximization of shareholders wealth and completely disregarded his moral obligations to the other stakeholders. However, these selfish decisions evidently backf ired because in the long run, his asbestos firm suffered. It only proves that choosing the right corporate governance practice is beneficial not only to the company but to social-economic progress as well. Ethics is another principle which is crucial in financial management decision making. According to Charles Handy (1995): An ethical company is one that does what it believes in, and if it does well, then shareholders will benefit. People will work better, and the company will be respected by everyone including customers and clients. In business, Ethics is a yardstick for evaluating managerial decisions and actions in relation to moral standards. In making complex and critical decisions, ethics provide a moral framework in which the employee can gauge his decisions. Unethical behavior is not equivalent to an illegal behavior. An unethical behavior may violate a standard conduct of a certain group but it does not mean that it is illegal. A firm who has good ethical behav ior can be linked to have a long-term shareholder value. That is why a lot of companies make sure that they have a solid code of ethics which guides their investments. Enhanced corporate image, greater investor confidence, less risk of expensive litigation and loyalty from workers and customers are some of the strategic benefits of having a sound ethical code of conduct and practices. In contrast companies who have bad ethical values are destined to fall. Unethical behavior made by companies can clearly lead to significant loss of value or wealth for the shareholders. A company who gains a poor ethical track record will lose public trust and confidence and therefore will have a difficult time to re-establish connection with potential investors making it a tough task to raise new capital. In the case of the asbestos companies in the article, they have definitely failed to establish solid ethical values and code of conduct. Because of their drive to raise profit, they didnt cons ider the welfare of the employees and consumers. The directors and managers failed to review the moral consequence of their actions. By following their corporate goals in maximizing shareholders wealth, they have completely forgotten their responsibility to the other parties involved in the function of their company. Dr. Smith has committed a grossly unethical behavior by disregarding the health of the workers just to implement the corporate goals of the company. And because of this, their company extremely suffered. The asbestos companies had many options rather than conceal the hazardous effects of asbestos. They should have reviewed their capital budget and determine if such product is worth pursuing. If they gauged the long term effect of their actions, they should have opted to restructure the company. They also had the option to abandon the use of asbestos and find new materials to use in the different industries in manufacturing. They should have weighed the potential liab ility of using this hazardous product in the long run rather than make an unethical behavior and conceal such important information to the public. Financial journalist also plays a huge part in corporate governance.(Borden, 2007) Through their coverage of legislative initiatives and affecting corporate governance and securities regulation, the people become aware of the important information regarding companies that are sometimes deliberately hidden from the public. They become the publics gatekeeper of information exposing scams and frauds that are sometimes committed by companies. However, these gatekeepers are sometimes not successful in preventing managers from engaging in inappropriate self-serving conduct. This happens when these journalists also have their own personal interests and are paid by the same companies that they are researching on. Instead of becoming the gatekeeper of important information, they can spin and tweak their journals to serve the interest of the com panies they are working for. They forget their moral obligation to the public and become a tool for companies to provide them a good image. This has been the case for Anthony Lanza. The research he conducted from 1929 to 1931 on 126 workers with three or more years of asbestos exposure has served no use because the asbestos companies did not approve of his initial findings. Since his review failed to prove that asbestosis was milder than silicosis, a lung disease caused by inhalation of silica dust which was then a compensable disease, he was ordered to manipulate the review and claim that asbestosis was milder than silicosis. In addition to that, he omitted the important fact than among the 126 workers that were examined, 67 of them were already suffering from asbestosis. He completely manipulated his review and published fraudulent information. He acted completely in accordance with his bosses command and abandoned his responsibility as a gatekeeper of information that improves corporate governance. Dr. Smith and Mr. Lanza have both failed to practice ethical behavior. They solely acted upon the corporate goals of their companies. Their actions clearly illustrate how adherence to the industry and corporate goals can militate individual moral behavior. They were certainly puppets of the company who didnt think of the well being of other stakeholders. Their companies have showed poor corporate governance by choosing only the maximization of shareholders wealth and not the overall welfare of all its stakeholders. Â Resources: Anderson Jr., Jerry W. (1989). Corporate Social Responsibility: Guidelines for Management pp. 15-17. New Yor: Quorum Besser, Terry L. (2002). The Conscience of Capitalism: Business Social Responsibility to Communities pp.14. Westport CT: Praeger Borden, Michael (2007). The Role of Financial Journalists in Corporate Governance. Fordham Journal of Corporate Law and Financial Law Carpoll,S.J. , Hensler, D., Abrahmse, A., Gross, J., White, M., Ashwood S., Sloss, E. (2002) Asbestos Litigation Costs and Compensation: An Interim Report pp.2. Santa Monica, CA: Rand Institute for Civil Justice McNemanin, Jim (1999). Financial Management: An Introduction pp.40-55. London: Routledge Â